Fortunately, I refinanced my home mortgage while Trump was still President. When Biden was installed as President, the 30-year mortgage rate was 2.88% (according to Bankrate). It has now risen to 5.25%.
The Federal Reserve is now expected to raise their target rate as much as 50 basis points at the next meeting on May 4, 2022. This chart shows the anticipated rate hikes coming our way, peaking in summer 2023.
Fed Funds Futures are pricing in a 50 bps rise at the May meeting.
The good news is that the US Treasury actives curve is upward sloping, but is showing fatigue in the forward rates between 7Y and 10Y.
On the hard asset front, precious metals are up over 1% with silver and platinum leading the way.
As inflation crushes the middle class and low wage workers, we see that the REAL Fed Funds Target Rate (based on headline inflation) is the lowest in history. Notice that the REAL Fed Funds Target Rate tends to hit its lowest negative reading DURING recessions, although The Fed has had a poor track record since the Dot.com bubble burst and the 2001 recession meaning that the REAL Fed Funds Target rate has been in negative territory (that is, the rate of inflation has exceeded The Fed Funds Target Rate for much of the post-2000 era).
The “good” news? Inflation caused by The Fed’s negative interest rate policy (NIRP?) has actually led to REAL home price growth to slow 11.6855% YoY, lower than the peak of the 2005-2007 house price bubble.
With The Fed’s OVERSTIMULATION of markets with historically low REAL Fed Funds Target Rate, we can see that the US unemployment rate is overheated (that is, below the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Short-term Natural Rate of Unemployment. Yes, it appears that Slow Walking Fed Chair Jay Powell should be raising The Fed’s target rate AND removing (at least) the Covid monetary stimulus.
Inflation Joe is a career politician, so it is not surprising that he is trying to blame Russia for the horrid inflation in the US. However, inflation grew from 1.4% when Biden took office to 7.9% when Russia invaded Ukraine. The latest inflation report was 8.5%, so Russia is only partly to blame for rising prices since February 24, 2022. The rest is due to Inflation Joe, Slow Walking Jay and Congress.
Again, Congress helped drive prices through the roof by massive Federal spending (aka, Covid stimulus “relief”). Hence, the Four Horsemen of the Inflation Apocalypse is appropriate. And now Biden is once again pitching massive government spending (Build Inflation Back Better?).
The book and movie “The Big Short” revolved around the 2005-2007 housing bubble driven by lending to borrowers with subprime credit (and little or no underwriting). As we know, Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers and other investment banks too large positions in subprime asset-backed securities (SABS) that became highly toxic once the demand for high-yield subprime ABS dried up. The decline in US home prices coupled with soaring 90-day mortgage delinquencies led to the failure of Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers along with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac being put into conservatorship by their regulator.
Fast forward to today. Mortgage originations by credit scores of 620 or less have shriveled while home price growth YoY is even higher than the subprime mortgage crisis of 2005-2007. So, is the US facing another “Big Short” scenario? Yes and no.
The answer is no in that lenders have tightened their credit box sufficiently so that investment banks are no longer buying large quantities of subprime credit paper. The answer is yes if we consider that the current housing bubble is fueled by extraordinary monetary stimulus due to Covid (as well as rampant Federal government stimulus spending).
Following the Federal Reserve of Dallas’ lead, here is a chart of REAL home price growth YoY against REAL average hourly earnings YoY. I added REAL Zillow house rents YoY as well.
Look at the affordability gap during the Subprime Bubble of 2004-2006 and then the Fed Bubble of 2020 to today. Both bubbles show a disconnect between REAL home prices and REAL wages. REAL Zillow home rents are not as high as REAL home price growth, but still how a huge gap in rent affordability.
So, what can upset the apple cart? How about Jay and The Gang jacking up mortgage rates making home affordability even worse (unless it slows home price growth).
Thanks to The Fed’s propose quantitative tightening, mortgage rates are soaring and mortgage costs along with them. Mortgage costs, thanks to The Fed driving up housing prices AND mortgage rates, are substantially higher than during the subprime mortgage housing bubble.
The Fed’s whipsaw approach helped crash home prices during the subprime mortgage crisis by dropping rates too fast at first (helping to ignite a housing bubble) then raising rates too fast (helping to crash housing prices).
The good news is that US industrial production rose 0.9% in March. The bad news? US capacity utilization rose to 78.3% indicating that the labor market is overheating.
Notice that prior to Covid, The Fed began rising raising its target rate as capacity utilization was increasing towards 80%. But once The Fed Funds Target rate (upper bound) hit 2.50%, capacity utilization started to cool off. Then Covid stuck.
Since Covid struck and The Fed massively expanded its balance sheet, capacity utilization has increased. But this time around, The Fed has been sloth-like in its removal of monetary stimulus.
Of course, The Fed has been slow to cool inflation which is the highest in 40 years. And supply-chain strains are peaking again (isn’t Mayor Pete in charge of infrastructure?) This is helping to drive prices up.
And don’t forget that REAL average weekly earnings YoY are falling.
Mortgage interest rates continue their meteoric rise (along with home prices), the result of which is a tanking of consumer confidence in home buying.
The University of Michigan survey of consumers about buying conditions for housing remains depressed due to rising mortgage rates and surging home prices.
Bankrate’s 30Y mortgage rate is down slightly today to 5.06% as the 2-year Treasury yield declines and the anticipated rate hikes have fallen to 9.19.
As I mentioned earlier, mortgage credit availability hasn’t recovered from the “Covid Correction.”
To make a long story short, a 40-year mortgage, by stretching the payment out from 30 to 40 years, means that the mortgage mortgage payment declines from $1,687 to $1,504.
Given that the US Treasury yield curve only goes out to 30 years, lenders (and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) will have to use the US Dollar Swaps curve to price mortgages. And since the swaps curve is downward sloping, we could see 50-year mortgages at a lower rate than 30-year mortgages, ceteris paribus.
But with The Fed planning on taking away the monetary punchbowl, mortgage rates are rising making housing even more unaffordable.
But most things are not equal. The 40-year mortgage results in a slower paydown of the mortgage, increasing the lender’s exposure to property value declines. A 50-year mortgage would even be worse.
But the real problem with the 40-year mortgage is that it can lead to even MORE unaffordable housing. Yes, going from 30-year to 40-year mortgages lowers the mortgage payment, but a 40-year mortgage could increase the demand for housing. And since we already have soaring home prices since Covid (thanks to Fed monetary policy AND Federal government stimulus), we could actually see a worsening of the housing bubble). Particularly since REAL average earnings are declining.
What a mess that has been created by the government’s pursuit of “affordable housing.” Ideally, the Federal government could help raise household earnings through lowering of Federal tax rates, but the Biden Administration wants to raise taxes. Alternatively, lenders (and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) could lower lending standards (e.g., lowering required credit scores), or reduce downpayments to 0%. Lowering credit standards and reducing required downpayments are also inflationary and pose serious potential problems with default risk.
Not to mention that a 40-year mortgage increases the duration risk for owner’s of the 40-year mortgage.
And don’t forget that local governments frown on multifamily (apartment) construction (the Not In My Backyard [NIMBY] problem contributing to rising housing prices.
As the US Treasury 2-year yield hits 2.507% (up from 0.128% when Biden was installed as President) and the number of Fed rate hikes over by February 2023 hits 9.6, Bankrate’s 30-year mortgage rate breached the 5% mark at 5.04%.
The most recent data from on existing home sales show YoY sales in negative territory as The Fed begins in monetary fireball tightening.
St Louis Fed’s Bullard said The Fed is “behind the curve.” Ya think??
The Fed’s minutes from the most recent meeting indicates that The Fed will shedding $95 billion a month from it swollen balance sheet. At almost $9 trillion mostly populated by Treasuries will be the first asset to run-off the balance sheet (there is almost $1 trillion of Treasuries maturing in 2022 and $856 billion maturity in 2023, etc), The Fed plans to shrink the balance sheet while, at the same, raising The Fed Funds target rate from it near zero levels.
The Federal Reserve has ignoring rules like the Taylor Rule since the financial crisis of 2008-2009, but seemingly are paying attention to the Taylor Rule because of 7.9% inflation. The Taylor Rule is suggesting a 20.42% Fed Funds target while the current target rate is 0.50%. Now THAT would be a real shock to the economy.
Well, the US have gone from “fastest economic recovery in history” to real GDP growth of less than 1% (Atlanta Fed GDPNow for Q1). In addition, the flexible price CPI less food and energy is a whopping 20%.
You can see “The Biden Miracle!” in the following chart. Hires (red line) dropped with Covid shutdowns, then spiked when governments opened economies again. Throw in the trillions of Federal government Covid stimulus and trillions in Fed monetary support, the Biden Miracle sees less like a miracle and more like an extremely expensive way to add jobs. But the interesting problem facing the Administration is the massive spike in job openings relative to hires (again, governments opening-up plus Federal Stimulypto).
Now for a real downer of a chart. Inflation is so toxic that REAL average hourly earnings YoY is down -2.72%. Hardly the best economic growth in history.
Now we have Jerome Powell and The Blackhearts threatening quantitative tightening starting in May. Here is The Fed’s theme song “We love printing money.”
But The Fed is already slowing the growth of monetary base, although this Fed Stimulypto is still growing much faster than pre-Covid.
At least the 10Y-2Y Treasury curve is back above 0 bps as the Atlanta Fed’s GDPNow Q1 forecast falls to under 1%.
Remember, The Fed is planning on shrinking the balance sheet by $95 billion. The Fed’s balance sheet is just shy of $9 trillion. Which is around 1% per month.
With rising expectations of Fed quantitative tightening (QT), residential mortgage rates keep climbing.
Despite a slowing economy teetering on recession and a war raging in Europe, The Fed is tightening monetary policy. Allegedly to fight red-hot inflation.
Stablecoin refers to a new class of cryptocurrencies which offer price stability and/or are backed by reserve asset. In recent times, stablecoins have gained enough traction as they attempt to offer the best of both world’s – the instant processing and security of payments of cryptocurrencies, and the volatility-free stable valuations of fiat currencies.
US Senator Pat Toomey, ranking member of the Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee, announced today legislation to create a responsible regulatory framework for STABLECOINS.
Toomey Announces Legislation to Create Responsible Regulatory Framework for Stablecoins Releases Discussion Draft of the Stablecoin TRUST Act
Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senate Banking Committee Ranking Member Pat Toomey (R-Pa.) today released a discussion draft of legislation establishing a new regulatory framework for payment stablecoins.
“While today stablecoins facilitate trading with cryptocurrencies, tomorrow stablecoins could be widely used in the physical economy. They have the potential, among other things, to speed up payments and automate transactions,” said Ranking Member Toomey. “The proposed regulatory framework I’m releasing today will allow this crypto-innovation to continue flourishing while protecting consumers and minimizing potential risks from stablecoins to the financial system. I look forward to receiving feedback on this legislation from my colleagues and stakeholders as Congress continues its work on stablecoin regulation.”
Key Components
· Authorizes three different options to issue payment stablecoins:
o Establishes a new federal license designed specifically for stablecoin issuers;
o Preserves the state-registered money transmitter status for most existing stablecoin issuers; and
o Clarifies that insured depository institutions are permitted to issue stablecoins.
· Protects consumers by subjecting all payment stablecoin issuers—regardless of whether they are a state money transmitter or receiving a new federal license—to standardized requirements, including:
o Disclosures regarding the reserve assets backing the stablecoin;
o Clear redemption policies; and
o Subjecting them to routine audits by registered public accounting firms.
· Provides much-needed clarity that, at a minimum, stablecoins that do not offer interest are not securities.
o Provides a clear regulatory framework for payment stablecoins and rejects the Securities and Exchange Commission’s approach of regulating through enforcement actions.
· Applies privacy protections to transactions involving stablecoins and other virtual currencies.
Background
· In August 2021, Ranking Member Toomey announced he was soliciting legislative proposals to ensure federal law supports the development of digital assets and its underlying technologies while protecting investors.
· In December 2021, Ranking Member Toomey released a set of principles to lay the framework for forthcoming stablecoin legislation.
Crytpos in general are having a bad day, with Bitcoin down 4.78% today and Ethereum Classic down 12%.
Toomey’s proposal is a great step forward in the regulation of stablecoin.
The 10-year Treasury term premium, the amount by which the yield on a long-term bond is greater than the yield on shorter-term bonds, remains steeply negative (white line) as The Federal Reserve steps up its attack (aka, monetary tightening). Meanwhile, the 10Y-2Y curve actually rose into positive territory.
Historically, the 10-year Treasury Term Premium declines before a recession.
Meanwhile, 3 month Treasury bill to Overnight Indexed Swaps spread is crashing to the lowest level since 2017.
But with inflation raging at the fastest pace in 40 years, the REAL 10-year Treasury yield remains negative at -5.236% while the REAL 30-year mortgage rate is -3.01%. Both were in positive territory when Biden was installed as President.
Speaking of interest rates, the infamous PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece, Spain) are all seeing surges in their 10-year sovereign yields. Sweden, while not a PIG has the largest spike today at 13.8 BPS.
Actually, the biggest spike in sovereign yields occurred in Ukraine where their 2-year yield popped +205.8 BPS. But Lebanon has the highest 2-year yield at 162.29%. Turkey is in third place in the sovereign demolition derby at 23.52%. Sadly, Poland’s 2-year yield is up 16 bps today.
But the winner of the sovereign debt demolition derby is …. drumroll … VENEZUELA! At 436.77%.
I am really surprised that Biden hasn’t adopted Maduro’s fashion sense.
Confounded Interest - Anthony B. Sanders 
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